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	<title>kalkulus &amp;laquo; WordPress.com Tag Feed</title>
	<link>http://wordpress.com/tag/kalkulus/</link>
	<description>Feed of posts on WordPress.com tagged "kalkulus"</description>
	<pubDate>Mon, 13 Oct 2008 20:40:33 +0000</pubDate>

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<item>
<title><![CDATA[PENDAHULUAN Kalkulus]]></title>
<link>http://thelightbringer.wordpress.com/?p=46</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 02 Oct 2008 05:10:54 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>thelightbringer</dc:creator>
<guid>http://thelightbringer.id.wordpress.com/2008/10/02/pendahuluan-kalkulus/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[
1.1 Sistem Bilangan Real
1.2 Sistem Koordinat

 Bab ini memuat materi-materi dasar yang diperlukan ]]></description>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><strong><span>1.1<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><strong>Sistem Bilangan Real</strong></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><strong><span>1.2<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><strong>Sistem Koordinat</strong></p>
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<p class="MsoBodyText"><span> </span>Bab ini memuat materi-materi dasar yang diperlukan dalam mempelajari kalkulus. Beberapa materi yang disampaikan hanyalah merupakan review, namun demikian ada pula beberapa yang relative masih baru.</p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:21pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:-21pt;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><strong><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:150%;"><span>1.1<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><strong><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:150%;">Sistem Bilangan Real</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%;">Pada bagian ini, pembaca diingatkan kembali pada konsep tentang himpunan. <em>Himpunan</em> adalah sekumpulan obyek/unsur dengan kriteria/syarat tertentu. Unsur-unsur dalam himpunan <em>S</em> disebut anggota (elemen) <em>S</em>. Himpunan yang tidak memiliki anggota disebut himpunan kosong, ditulis dengan notasi <em><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>f</span></span></em><span> </span>atau {<span> </span>}.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%;">Jika <em>a</em> merupakan anggota himpunan <em>S</em>, maka dituliskan <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;                    &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.gif" alt="" width="40" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>dan dibaca “<em>a elemen S</em>”. Jika <em>a</em> bukan anggota himpunan <em>S</em>, maka dituliskan <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.gif" alt="" width="40" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->dan dibaca “<em>a bukan elemen S</em>”.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%;">Pada umumnya, sebarang himpunan dapat dinyatakan dengan 2 cara. Pertama, dengan mendaftar seluruh anggotanya. Sebagai contoh, himpunan <em>A</em> yang terdiri atas unsur-unsur 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 dapat dinyatakan sebagai:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:-6pt;text-align:justify;text-indent:42pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.gif" alt="" width="153" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Cara yang kedua, yaitu dengan menuliskan syarat keanggotaan yang dimiliki oleh seluruh anggota suatu himpunan tetapi tidak dimiliki oleh unsur-unsur yang bukan anggota himpunan tersebut. Apabila himpunan <em>A</em> di atas dinyatakan dengan cara ini, maka dapat ditulis:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.gif" alt="" width="293" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span>Himpunan <em>A</em> disebut <em>himpunan bagian </em>himpunan <em>B</em>, ditulis <span style="position:relative;top:2pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.gif" alt="" width="45" height="17" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, jika setiap anggota <em>A</em> merupakan anggota <em>B</em>. Kiranya tidaklah sulit untuk dipahami bahwa <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.gif" alt="" width="44" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>untuk sebarang himpunan <em>A</em>.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span>Selanjutnya, akan disampaikan beberapa himpunan bilangan yang dipandang cukup penting.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span>Himpunan semua bilangan asli adalah <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.gif" alt="" width="95" height="23" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->. Himpunan ini tertutup terhadap operasi penjumlahan dan operasi pergandaan, artinya <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image016.gif" alt="" width="69" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>dan <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image018.gif" alt="" width="57" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>untuk setiap <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.gif" alt="" width="60" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->. Oleh karena itu, himpunan semua bilangan asli membentuk suatu sistem dan biasa disebut <em>sistem bilangan asli</em>. Sistem bilangan asli bersama-sama dengan bilangan nol dan bilangan-bilangan bulat negatif membentuk <em>Sistem Bilangan Bulat</em>, ditulis dengan notasi <em><span style="font-family:&#34;">Z</span></em>,</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.gif" alt="" width="196" height="23" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span>Bilangan rasional adalah bilangan yang merupakan hasil bagi bilangan bulat dan bilangan asli. Himpunan semua bilangan rasional ditulis dengan notasi <em><span style="font-family:&#34;">Q</span></em>,</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:14pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image024.gif" alt="" width="185" height="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span>Dalam kehidupan nyata seringkali dijumpai bilangan-bilangan yang tidak rasional. Bilangan yang tidak rasional disebut <em>bilangan irasional</em>. Contoh-contoh bilangan irasional antara lain adalah <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image026.gif" alt="" width="25" height="23" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>dan <em><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>p</span></span></em>. Bilangan<span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image026.gif" alt="" width="25" height="23" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>adalah panjang sisi miring segitiga siku-siku dengan panjang sisi-sisi tegaknya masing-masing adalah 1 (lihat Gambar<span> </span>1.1.1).</p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">1</p>
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<p class="MsoNormal">1</p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;">Gambar     1.1.1</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Sedangkan bilangan <em><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>p</span></span></em> merupakan hasil bagi keliling sebarang lingkaran terhadap diameternya (Gambar 1.1.2).</p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;">Gambar     1.1.2</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Himpunan semua bilangan irasional bersama-sama dengan <em><span style="font-family:&#34;">Q</span></em> membentuk himpunan semua bilangan real <em><span style="font-family:&#34;">R</span></em>. Seperti telah diketahui, untuk menyatakan sebarang bilangan real seringkali digunakan cara <em>desimal</em>. Sebagai contoh, bilangan-bilangan <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image033.gif" alt="" width="91" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>masing-masing dapat dinyatakan dalam desimal sebagai <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image035.gif" alt="" width="145" height="23" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image037.gif" alt="" width="87" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>Dapat ditunjukkan bahwa bentuk desimal bilangan-bilangan rasional adalah salah satu dari 2 tipe berikut:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>i.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->berhenti (<span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image039.gif" alt="" width="77" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->), atau</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.5in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>ii.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->berulang beraturan (<span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image041.gif" alt="" width="73" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Apabila bentuk desimal suatu bilangan tidak termasuk salah satu tipe di atas, maka bilangan tersebut adalah irasional. Sebagai contoh, bilangan-bilangan:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image043.gif" alt="" width="257" height="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><strong><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:150%;">1.1.1 Sifat-sifat Sistem Bilangan Real</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span>Pembaca diingatkan kembali kepada sifat-sifat yang berlaku di dalam <em><span style="font-family:&#34;">R</span></em>. Untuk sebarang bilangan real <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image045.gif" alt="" width="81" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->berlaku sifat-sifat sebagai berikut:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>1.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Sifat komutatif</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-indent:.25in;line-height:150%;">(i). <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image047.gif" alt="" width="215" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>2.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Sifat asosiatif</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-indent:.25in;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:14pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image049.gif" alt="" width="245" height="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>3.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Sifat distibutif</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image051.gif" alt="" width="149" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>4.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->(i).<span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image053.gif" alt="" width="112" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">(ii). <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image055.gif" alt="" width="235" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">(iii). <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image057.gif" alt="" width="171" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>5.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->(i).<span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image059.gif" alt="" width="157" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">(ii).<span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image061.gif" alt="" width="101" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">(iii). <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image063.gif" alt="" width="71" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>6.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->(i).<span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image065.gif" alt="" width="41" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, untuk setiap bilangan <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image067.gif" alt="" width="39" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">(ii).<span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image069.gif" alt="" width="16" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>tak terdefinisikan.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify;text-indent:.25in;line-height:150%;">(iii). <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image071.gif" alt="" width="39" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, untuk setiap bilangan <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image067.gif" alt="" width="39" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>7.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Hukum kanselasi</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">(i).<span> </span>Jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image073.gif" alt="" width="59" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>dan <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image075.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image077.gif" alt="" width="39" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">(ii). Jika <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image079.gif" alt="" width="51" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image081.gif" alt="" width="55" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>8.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Sifat pembagi nol</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image083.gif" alt="" width="49" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image085.gif" alt="" width="39" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>atau <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image087.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><strong><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:150%;">1.1.2 Relasi Urutan</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span>Himpunan semua bilangan real dapat dibagi menjadi 3 himpunan bagian tak kosong yang saling asing: (i). Himpunan semua bilangan real positif; (ii). Himpunan dengan bilangan 0 sebagai satu-satunya anggota; dan (iii). Himpunan semua bilangan real negative.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span>Untuk sebarang bilangan real <em>a</em> dan <em>b</em>, <em>a </em>dikatakan <em>kurang dari </em>b (ditulis <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image089.gif" alt="" width="44" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image091.gif" alt="" width="36" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>positif. Bilangan <em>a</em> dikatakan <em>lebih dari</em> <em>b</em> (ditulis <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image093.gif" alt="" width="39" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->) jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image095.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->. Sebagai contoh, <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image097.gif" alt="" width="109" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->. Mudah ditunjukkan bahwa:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>a.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Bilangan <em>a </em>positif jika dan hanya jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image099.gif" alt="" width="39" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>b.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Bilangan <em>a </em>negatif jika dan hanya jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image101.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Jika <em>a</em> kurang dari atau sama dengan <em>b</em>, maka ditulis <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image103.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->. Jika <em>a</em> lebih dari atau sama dengan <em>b</em>, maka ditulis <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image105.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->. Sedangkan <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image107.gif" alt="" width="61" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>dimaksudkan sebagai <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image109.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>dan <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image111.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->. Artinya <em>b</em> antara <em>a</em> dan <em>c</em>. Berikut ini adalah beberapa sifat yang sangat penting untuk diketahui. Untuk sebarang bilangan real <em>a</em>, <em>b</em>, dan <em>c</em>:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>1.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image103.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image113.gif" alt="" width="83" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>untuk setiap bilangan real <em>c</em>.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>2.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Jika <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image115.gif" alt="" width="103" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image117.gif" alt="" width="37" height="17" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>3.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->a. Jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image103.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>dan <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image120.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image122.gif" alt="" width="57" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in;text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">b. Jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image103.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>dan <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image124.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image126.gif" alt="" width="57" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.25in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-1.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>4.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->a. Jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image099.gif" alt="" width="39" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image128.gif" alt="" width="41" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in;text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">b. Jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image130.gif" alt="" width="63" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image132.gif" alt="" width="43" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in;text-align:justify;text-indent:-.25in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span>5.<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span><!--[endif]-->Untuk sebarang bilangan real <em>a</em> dan <em>b</em> berlaku tepat satu:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in;text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image134.gif" alt="" width="160" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">6. Jika <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image136.gif" alt="" width="52" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka: <span style="position:relative;top:4pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image138.gif" alt="" width="199" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.75in;text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span><strong><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:150%;">1.1.3 Garis Bilangan</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span>Secara geometris, sistem bilangan real <em><span style="font-family:&#34;">R</span></em> dapat digambarkan dengan garis lurus. Mula-mula diambil sebarang titik untuk dipasangkan dengan bilangan 0. Titik ini dinamakan titik asal (origin), ditulis dengan <em>O</em>. Pada kedua sisi dari <em>O</em> dibuat skala sama (segmen) dan disepakati arah positif disebelah kanan <em>O</em> sedangkan arah negatif disebelah kiri <em>O</em>. Selanjutnya, bilangan-bilangan bulat positif 1, 2, 3, … dapat dipasangkan dengan masing-masing titik di kanan <em>O</em> dan bilangan-bilangan <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image140.gif" alt="" width="88" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>dengan titik-titik di sebelah kiri <em>O</em>. Dengan membagi setiap segmen, maka dapat ditentukan lokasi untuk bilangan-bilangan <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image142.gif" alt="" width="80" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->dst. (Perhatikan Gambar 1.1.3)</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;&#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image144.gif" alt="" width="24" height="23" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;" width="308" height="28"><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso]--><span style="position:absolute;left:0;z-index:251624448;"></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt;">2<span> </span></span><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt;">1<span> </span> 0<span> </span> 1<span> </span> 2<span> </span> 3</span></p>
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<p><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="position:absolute;z-index:251623424;left:0;margin-left:86px;margin-top:1px;width:372px;height:16px;"><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image145.gif" alt="" width="372" height="16" /></span><!--[endif]--><span> </span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;&#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;">Gambar     1.1.3</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Dengan cara demikian, maka setiap bilangan real menentukan tepat satu titik pada garis lurus dan sebaliknya setiap titik pada garis lurus menentukan tepat satu bilangan real. Oleh sebab itu, garis lurus sering disebut pula <em>Garis Bilangan Real</em>.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><strong><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:150%;">1.1.4 Pertidaksamaan</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span><em>Perubah</em> (<em>variable</em>) adalah lambang (symbol) yang digunakan untuk menyatakan sebarang anggota suatu himpunan. Jika himpunannya <em><span style="font-family:&#34;">R</span></em> maka perubahnya disebut <em>perubah real</em>. Selanjutnya, yang dimaksudkan dengan perubah adalah perubah real.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span><em>Pertidaksamaan</em> (<em>inequality</em>) adalah pernyataan matematis yang memuat satu perubah atau lebih dan salah satu tanda ketidaksamaan (&#60;, &#62;, <span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>£</span></span>, <span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>³</span></span>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<h1>Contoh 1.1.1</h1>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">a. <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image147.gif" alt="" width="89" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>c. <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image149.gif" alt="" width="81" height="28" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">b. <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image151.gif" alt="" width="67" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>d. <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image153.gif" alt="" width="100" height="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Menyelesaikan suatu pertidaksamaan memiliki arti mencari seluruh bilangan real yang dapat dicapai oleh perubah-perubah yang ada dalam pertidaksamaan tersebut sehingga pertidaksamaan tersebut menjadi benar.Himpunan semua bilangan yang demikian ini disebut <em>penyelesaian</em>. Sifat-sifat dan hukum dalam <em><span style="font-family:&#34;">R</span></em> sangat membantu dalam mencari penyelesaian suatu pertidaksamaan.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><strong>Contoh 1.1.2 </strong>Tentukan penyelesaian pertidaksamaan <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image155.gif" alt="" width="100" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><strong>Penyelesaian:</strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:39pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image157.gif" alt="" width="227" height="115" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Jadi, penyelesaian pertidaksamaan di atas adalah <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image159.gif" alt="" width="100" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.█</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span>Pertidaksamaan tipe lain mungkin lebih sulit diselesaikan dibandingkan pertidaksamaan-pertidaksamaan seperti pada contoh di atas. Beberapa contoh diberikan sebagai berikut.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><strong>Contoh 1.1.3 </strong>Tentukan penyelesaian pertidaksamaan: <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image161.gif" alt="" width="101" height="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><strong>Penyelesaian: </strong>Dengan memfaktorkan ruas kiri pertidaksamaan, maka diperoleh:<strong></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image163.gif" alt="" width="111" height="23" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Telah diketahui bahwa hasil kali 2 bilangan real positif apabila ke dua faktor positif atau ke dua faktor negatif. Oleh karena itu,</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">(i). Jika ke dua faktor positif maka:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:14pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image165.gif" alt="" width="149" height="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:.25in;line-height:150%;">Sehingga diperoleh: <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image167.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">(ii).Jika ke dua faktor negatif, maka:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:14pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image169.gif" alt="" width="149" height="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-indent:.25in;line-height:150%;">Diperoleh: <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image171.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Jadi, penyelesaian adalah <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image173.gif" alt="" width="165" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span>Penyelesaian pertidaksamaan di atas dapat pula diterangkan sebagai berikut: ruas kiri pertidaksamaan bernilai nol jika <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image175.gif" alt="" width="108" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->. Selanjutnya, ke dua bilangan ini membagi garis bilangan menjadi 3 bagian: <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image177.gif" alt="" width="173" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>(Gambar 1.1.4).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;--></p>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><em><span style="font-size:9pt;">x</span></em><span>&#60;2 <span> </span>2&#60;<em>x</em>&#60;3<span> </span><em>x</em>&#62;3</span></p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><!--[if !vml]--></p>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="105" height="5"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image178.gif" alt="" width="326" height="65" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;&#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--></p>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="vertical-align:top;" width="246" height="40"><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso]--><span style="position:absolute;left:0;z-index:251628544;"></p>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]--></p>
<div class="shape" style="padding:3.6pt 7.2pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal">0<span> </span>2<span> </span>3<span> </span>4</p>
</div>
<p><!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso &#38; !vml]--> <!--[endif]--><!--[if !vml]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="position:absolute;z-index:251627520;left:0;margin-left:94px;margin-top:2px;width:380px;height:16px;"><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image179.gif" alt="" width="380" height="16" /></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;&#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--></p>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="234" height="17"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;" width="140" height="40"><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso]--><span style="position:absolute;left:0;z-index:251635712;"></p>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><!--[endif]--></p>
<div class="shape" style="padding:3.6pt 7.2pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;">Gambar     1.1.4</span></p>
</div>
<p><!--[if !mso]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso &#38; !vml]--> <!--[endif]--><!--[if !vml]--></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><!--[endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Pada bagian <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image171.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, nilai <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image182.gif" alt="" width="125" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>keduanya negatif, sehingga hasil kali keduanya positif. Pada segmen <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image184.gif" alt="" width="61" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image186.gif" alt="" width="47" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>bernilai positif sedangkan <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image188.gif" alt="" width="47" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>bernilai negatif. Akibatnya, hasil kali keduanya bernilai negatif. Terakhir, pada bagian <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image167.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image182.gif" alt="" width="125" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>masing-masing bernilai positif sehingga hasil kali keduanya juga positif. Rangkuman uraian di atas dapat dilihat pada Tabel 1.1.1 di bawah ini.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:2in;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Tabel 1.1.1</span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" style="border:medium none;margin-left:11.4pt;border-collapse:collapse;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid;height:8.65pt;">
<td style="border:1pt solid windowtext;background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:77.15pt;height:8.65pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" rowspan="2" width="103" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"> </span></p>
</td>
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:198.85pt;height:8.65pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" colspan="3" width="265" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center">Tanda   nilai</p>
</td>
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:155.4pt;height:8.65pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" rowspan="2" width="207" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center">Kesimpulan</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid;height:8.6pt;">
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:54.85pt;height:8.6pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="73" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image191.gif" alt="" width="36" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:.75in;height:8.6pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="72" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image193.gif" alt="" width="35" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:1.25in;height:8.6pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="120" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image195.gif" alt="" width="88" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="width:77.15pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="103" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:21pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image197.gif" alt="" width="61" height="67" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></span></p>
</td>
<td style="width:54.85pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="73" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
</td>
<td style="width:.75in;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="72" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
</td>
<td style="width:1.25in;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="120" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
</td>
<td style="width:155.4pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="207" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   dipenuhi.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   tidak dipenuhi.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   dipenuhi.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Jadi, penyelesaian pertidaksamaan adalah <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image173.gif" alt="" width="165" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.█</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span>Metode penyelesaian seperti pada Contoh 1.1.3 di atas dapat pula diterapkan pada bentuk-bentuk pertidaksamaan yang memuat lebih dari 2 faktor maupun bentuk-bentuk pecahan.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><strong>Contoh 1.1.4</strong> Tentukan penyelesaian <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image199.gif" alt="" width="139" height="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><strong>Penyelesaian: </strong>Apabila ke dua ruas pada pertidaksamaan di atas ditambah 1, maka diperoleh:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.25in;text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:16pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image201.gif" alt="" width="172" height="51" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Jika <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image203.gif" alt="" width="151" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, maka diperoleh: <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image205.gif" alt="" width="159" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->. Selanjutnya, perhatikan table berikut:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:2.25in;text-indent:.25in;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Tabel 1.1.2</span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" style="border:medium none;margin-left:11.4pt;border-collapse:collapse;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid;height:8.65pt;">
<td style="border:1pt solid windowtext;background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:71.7pt;height:8.65pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" rowspan="2" width="96" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"> </span></p>
</td>
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:220.9pt;height:8.65pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" colspan="4" width="295" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center">Tanda   nilai/nilai</p>
</td>
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:138.8pt;height:8.65pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" rowspan="2" width="185" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center">Kesimpulan</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid;height:8.6pt;">
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:36.75pt;height:8.6pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="49" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image207.gif" alt="" width="33" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:37.5pt;height:8.6pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="50" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image209.gif" alt="" width="33" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:41.85pt;height:8.6pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="56" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image191.gif" alt="" width="36" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:104.8pt;height:8.6pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="140" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image212.gif" alt="" width="125" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
<td style="width:71.7pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="96" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:57pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image214.gif" alt="" width="68" height="163" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></span></p>
</td>
<td style="width:36.75pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="49" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">0</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">2</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">3</span></p>
</td>
<td style="width:37.5pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="50" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">2</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">0</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">1</span></p>
</td>
<td style="width:41.85pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="56" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">3</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">1</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">0</span></p>
</td>
<td style="width:104.8pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="140" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">0</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">0</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">0</span></p>
</td>
<td style="width:138.8pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="185" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   dipenuhi.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   tidak dipenuhi.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   dipenuhi.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   tidak dipenuhi.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   dipenuhi.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   dipenuhi.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   dipenuhi.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><strong> </strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Jadi, penyelesaian adalah <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image216.gif" alt="" width="195" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.█</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><strong>Contoh 1.1.5</strong> Selesaikan <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image218.gif" alt="" width="92" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><strong>Penyelesaian: </strong>Apabila pada ke dua ruas ditambahkan <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image220.gif" alt="" width="56" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka diperoleh:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:44pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image222.gif" alt="" width="296" height="137" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Nilai nol pembilang adalah <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image224.gif" alt="" width="65" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, sedangkan nilai nol penyebut adalah 2. Sekarang, untuk mendapatkan nilai <em>x</em> sehingga <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image226.gif" alt="" width="116" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>diperhatikan tabel berikut:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:2.25in;text-indent:.25in;line-height:150%;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Tabel 1.1.3</span></p>
<table class="MsoNormalTable" style="border:medium none;margin-left:11.4pt;border-collapse:collapse;" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tbody>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid;height:8.65pt;">
<td style="border:1pt solid windowtext;background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:71.5pt;height:8.65pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" rowspan="2" width="95" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"> </span></p>
</td>
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:221.9pt;height:8.65pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" colspan="4" width="296" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center">Tanda   nilai/nilai</p>
</td>
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:138pt;height:8.65pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" rowspan="2" width="184" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center">Kesimpulan</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid;height:8.6pt;">
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:42.5pt;height:8.6pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="57" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height:150%;"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image228.gif" alt="" width="36" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:48pt;height:8.6pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="64" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image191.gif" alt="" width="36" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:48pt;height:8.6pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="64" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image231.gif" alt="" width="36" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></span></p>
</td>
<td style="background:#d9d9d9 none repeat scroll 0 0;width:83.4pt;height:8.6pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="111" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image233.gif" alt="" width="92" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid;">
<td style="width:71.5pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="95" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;"><span style="position:relative;top:57pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image235.gif" alt="" width="75" height="163" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></span></p>
</td>
<td style="width:42.5pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="57" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">0</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">4</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">7</span></p>
</td>
<td style="width:48pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="64" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">4</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">0</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">3</span></p>
</td>
<td style="width:48pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="64" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">7</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">3</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">0</span></p>
</td>
<td style="width:83.4pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="111" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">+</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">0</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">tak   terdefinisikan</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">0</span></p>
</td>
<td style="width:138pt;padding:0 5.4pt;" width="184" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   tidak dipenuhi.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   dipenuhi.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   tidak dipenuhi.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   dipenuhi.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   dipenuhi.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   tidak dipenuhi.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;" align="center"><span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:150%;">Pertidaksamaan   dipenuhi.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Jadi, penyelesaian adalah <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image237.gif" alt="" width="201" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.█</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><strong><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:150%;">1.1.5 Nilai Mutlak (Absolute Value)</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span> </span>Nilai mutlak suatu bilangan adalah panjang/jarak bilangan tersebut dari bilangan 0. Jadi, nilai mutlak 5 adalah 5, nilai mutlak <span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span>7 adalah 7, nilai mutlak 0 adalah 0, dan seterusnya.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">
<p class="MsoBodyText"><strong>Definisi 1.1.6 </strong>Nilai mutlak <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image239.gif" alt="" width="43" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, ditulis dengan notasi <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image241.gif" alt="" width="17" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, didefinisikan sebagai:</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image243.gif" alt="" width="65" height="33" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">Definisi di atas dapat pula dinyatakan sebagai:</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:25pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image245.gif" alt="" width="133" height="75" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">
<p class="MsoBodyText">Sebagai contoh, <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image247.gif" alt="" width="107" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->,<span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:14pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image249.gif" alt="" width="48" height="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->,<span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image251.gif" alt="" width="40" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, dst. Selanjutnya, sifat-sifat nilai mutlak diterangkan sebagai berikut.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">
<p class="MsoBodyText"><strong>Sifat 1.1.7</strong> Jika <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image253.gif" alt="" width="55" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka:</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">a. <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image255.gif" alt="" width="43" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image257.gif" alt="" width="101" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">b. <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image259.gif" alt="" width="76" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:16pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image261.gif" alt="" width="139" height="51" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">c. <span style="position:relative;top:8pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image263.gif" alt="" width="164" height="29" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>(Ketaksamaan segitiga)</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-indent:12pt;"><span style="position:relative;top:8pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image265.gif" alt="" width="163" height="29" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span> </span>Secara geometris, nilai mutlak <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image267.gif" alt="" width="41" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>dapat diartikan sebagai jarak dari <em>a</em> ke <em>x</em>. Sebagai contoh, jika <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image269.gif" alt="" width="65" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka artinya <em>x</em> berjarak 7 unit di sebelah kanan atau di sebelah kiri 3 (lihat Gambar 1.1.5).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;--></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9pt;">7     unit<span> </span><span> </span>7 unit</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1in;text-align:justify;text-indent:.5in;line-height:150%;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;&#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--></p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;" width="311" height="40"><!--[endif]--><!--[if !mso]--><span style="position:absolute;left:0;z-index:251637760;"></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>-</span></span>4<span> </span><span> </span>3<span> </span><span> </span>10</p>
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<p><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Symbol;"><span>·</span></span><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="position:absolute;z-index:251636736;left:0;margin-left:94px;margin-top:2px;width:380px;height:16px;"><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image179.gif" alt="" width="380" height="16" /></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;&#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;">Gambar     1.1.5</span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Jadi, penyelesaian <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image269.gif" alt="" width="65" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>adalah <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image272.gif" alt="" width="53" height="23" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.█</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><span> </span>Dengan mengingat Sifat 1.1.7 (b), kiranya mudah dipahami sifat berikut:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;"><strong>Sifat 1.1.8 </strong>Jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image274.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, maka: <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image276.gif" alt="" width="183" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;line-height:150%;">Sebagai contoh,</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image278.gif" alt="" width="207" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:23pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image280.gif" alt="" width="203" height="69" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">Secara sama,</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:23pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image282.gif" alt="" width="297" height="73" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">
<p class="MsoBodyText"><strong>Sifat 1.1.9 </strong>Jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image274.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, maka:</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">(a). <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image284.gif" alt="" width="136" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">(b). <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image286.gif" alt="" width="181" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">
<p class="MsoBodyText"><strong>Contoh 1.1.10 </strong>Selesaikan <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image288.gif" alt="" width="73" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><strong>Penyelesaian: </strong>Menggunakan Sifat 1.1.9 (b), diperoleh:</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:23pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image290.gif" alt="" width="289" height="73" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">Jadi, penyelesaian adalah <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image292.gif" alt="" width="165" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.█</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">
<p class="MsoBodyText"><strong>Contoh 1.1.11</strong> Tentukan semua nilai <em>x</em> sehingga <span style="position:relative;top:14pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image294.gif" alt="" width="67" height="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><strong>Penyelesaian: </strong>Berdasarkan Sifat 1.1.9 (a), maka:</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:30pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image296.gif" alt="" width="251" height="88" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">Selanjutnya, karena:</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-indent:.5in;"><span style="position:relative;top:44pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image298.gif" alt="" width="228" height="128" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:30pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image300.gif" alt="" width="225" height="109" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">maka, diperoleh: <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image302.gif" alt="" width="111" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.█</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">
<p class="MsoBodyText"><strong>Contoh 1.1.12</strong> Tentukan penyelesaian pertidaksamaan <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image304.gif" alt="" width="89" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><strong>Penyelesaian:</strong></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left:24pt;text-indent:-24pt;">(i). Apabila <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image306.gif" alt="" width="61" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, maka selalu berlaku<span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image304.gif" alt="" width="89" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>untuk setiap <em>x</em>. Sehingga diperoleh: <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image171.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">(ii). Jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image310.gif" alt="" width="61" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, maka:</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:23pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image312.gif" alt="" width="408" height="73" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">Dari (i) dan (ii), diperoleh <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image314.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.█</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">
<p class="MsoBodyText"><strong><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:150%;">1.1.6 Selang (Interval)</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span> </span>Diberikan sebarang dua bilangan real <em>a</em> dan <em>b</em>, dengan <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image109.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->. Berturut-turut didefinisikan:</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:37pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image317.gif" alt="" width="443" height="107" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">
<p class="MsoBodyText"><strong>Contoh 1.1.13 </strong>Tentukan penyelesaian <span style="position:relative;top:14pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image319.gif" alt="" width="68" height="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><strong>Penyelesaian: </strong>Berdasarkan Sifat 1.6 maka diperoleh:</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText"><span> </span><span style="position:relative;top:56pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image321.gif" alt="" width="265" height="172" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">Jadi, penyelesaian adalah <span style="position:relative;top:14pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image323.gif" alt="" width="91" height="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.█</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">
<p class="MsoBodyText"><strong>Soal Latihan</strong></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">Untuk soal 1 – 21 tentukan penyelesaiannya.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">1. <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image325.gif" alt="" width="69" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>2. <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image327.gif" alt="" width="99" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>3. <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image329.gif" alt="" width="68" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">4. <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image331.gif" alt="" width="108" height="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>5. <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image333.gif" alt="" width="84" height="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>6. <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image335.gif" alt="" width="99" height="25" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">7. <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image337.gif" alt="" width="67" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>8. <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image339.gif" alt="" width="72" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>9. <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image341.gif" alt="" width="64" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">10.<span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image343.gif" alt="" width="76" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>11.<span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image345.gif" alt="" width="72" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>12.<span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image347.gif" alt="" width="71" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">13.<span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image349.gif" alt="" width="64" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>14.<span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image351.gif" alt="" width="72" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>15.<span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image353.gif" alt="" width="85" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">16.<span style="position:relative;top:14pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image355.gif" alt="" width="45" height="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>17.<span style="position:relative;top:14pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image357.gif" alt="" width="44" height="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>18.<span style="position:relative;top:14pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image359.gif" alt="" width="65" height="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">19.<span style="position:relative;top:14pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image361.gif" alt="" width="73" height="45" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>20.<span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image363.gif" alt="" width="88" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>21.<span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image365.gif" alt="" width="71" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">Untuk soal 22 – 24 tentukan <em>x</em> sehingga masing-masing pernyataan mempunyai arti.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">22. <span style="position:relative;top:4pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image367.gif" alt="" width="96" height="29" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>23.<span style="position:relative;top:18pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image369.gif" alt="" width="92" height="49" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>24.<span style="position:relative;top:15pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image371.gif" alt="" width="59" height="55" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">25. Jika <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image373.gif" alt="" width="77" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>dan <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image375.gif" alt="" width="77" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka tunjukkan <span style="position:relative;top:7pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image377.gif" alt="" width="80" height="27" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;">26. Jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image103.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka tunjukkan bahwa <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image380.gif" alt="" width="89" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->. Bilangan <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image382.gif" alt="" width="39" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>disebut rata-rata aritmatika dari bilangan <em>a</em> dan <em>b</em>.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;">27. Jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image130.gif" alt="" width="63" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka tunjukkan bahwa <span style="position:relative;top:4pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image385.gif" alt="" width="83" height="24" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->. Bilangan <span style="position:relative;top:4pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image387.gif" alt="" width="33" height="24" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>disebut rata-rata geometri dari bilangan <em>a</em> dan <em>b</em>. Tunjukkan pula bahwa rata-rata geometri dari bilangan <em>a</em> dan <em>b</em> kurang dari rata-rata aritmatikanya.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;">28. Tunjukkan bahwa <span style="position:relative;top:8pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image389.gif" alt="" width="105" height="29" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;">29. Jika <span style="position:relative;top:5pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image391.gif" alt="" width="52" height="21" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>dan <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image109.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>maka tunjukkan <span style="position:relative;top:12pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image394.gif" alt="" width="44" height="41" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;">30. Jika <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image103.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]--><span> </span>dan <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image124.gif" alt="" width="37" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->, tunjukkan <span style="position:relative;top:3pt;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;  &#60;![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="/DOCUME%7E1/ADMINI%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image398.gif" alt="" width="52" height="19" /><!--[endif]--></span><!--[if gte mso 9]&#62;   &#60;![endif]-->.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left:.25in;text-indent:-.25in;">
<p class="MsoBodyText">
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left:21pt;text-indent:-21pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><strong><span>1.2<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><strong><span style="font-size:14pt;line-height:150%;">Sistem Koordinat</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-indent:.5in;">Sistem koordinat adalah suatu cara/metode untuk menentukan letak suatu titik. Ada beberapa macam system koordinat: Sistem Koordinat Cartesius, Sistem Koordinat Kutub, Sistem Koordinat Tabung, dan Sistem Koordinat Bola. Pada bagian ini hanya akan dibicarakan Sistem Koordinat Cartesius dan Sistem Koordinat Kutub saja.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.5in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><strong><span>1.2.1<span style="font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;font-size:7pt;line-height:normal;font-family:&#34;"> </span></span></strong><!--[endif]--><strong>Sistem Koordinat Cartesius</strong></p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-indent:.5in;">Diperhatikan 2 garis lurus, satu mendatar (horizontal) dan yang lain tegak (vertical). Selanjutnya, garis mendatar ini disebut <em>sumbu-x</em> sedangkan garis yang tegak disebut <em>sumbu-y</em>. Perpotongan kedua sumbu tersebut dinamakan <em>titik asal</em> (<em>origin</em>) dan diberi tanda <em>O</em>. Seperti biasanya, titik-titik disebelah kanan <em>O</em> dikaitkan dengan bilangan-bilangan real positif sedangkan titik-titik di sebelah kiri <em>O</em> dengan bilangan-bilangan real negatif. Demikian pula dengan titik-titik di sebelah atas <em>O</em> dan di sebelah bawah <em>O</em> masing-masing dikaitkan dengan bilangan-bilangan real positif dan negatif.</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-indent:.5in;">Oleh ke dua sumbu, bidang datar (bidang koordinat) terbagi menjadi 4 daerah (kwadran), yaitu kwadran I, kwadran II, kwadran III, dan kwadran IV (lihat Gambar 1.2.1).</p>
<p class="MsoBodyText">
<p class="MsoBodyText" style="text-indent:.5in;"><!--[if gte vml 1]&#62;--></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;">Kwadran     I</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;"><span> </span> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;">Kwadran     II</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;"><span> </span> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;">Kwadran     III</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10pt;"><span> </span> </span></p>
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<p class="MsoNorma